一、含有動(dòng)名詞的句型

1. like + doing sth 喜歡做某事

類(lèi)似的動(dòng)詞還有l(wèi)ike，love， hate，begin，start，try，enjoy，mind，practise。

I like doing my homework.　　我喜歡做我的家庭作業(yè)。

The boys hate doing homework on Sundays.　男孩們討厭在星期日做家庭作業(yè)。

2. cannot help + doing sth.禁不住，情不自禁做某事

　Whenever I hear the story, I cannot help crying.　每次我聽(tīng)這故事，就忍不住要哭。

3. There is no +doing sth. 做…是不可能的

類(lèi)似的句型“It is impossible to＋動(dòng)詞原形”或“No one can＋動(dòng)詞原形”。

There is no typing up this letter within five minutes.　

不可能在五分鐘內(nèi)打完這封信。

4. feel like + doing sth  想要…

同義句型“would like to＋動(dòng)詞原形” 注意接名詞時(shí)，解釋為“感覺(jué)像…”。

I feel like going to Europe for a visit next summer vacation.

 我好想明年暑假去一趟歐洲。

5. ... worth + doing sth  值得…　　

Wuhan is a city worth visiting.　

武漢是值得參觀的城市?！?/span>

6. keep ... from +doing sth 防止…／阻止…／使…不能…／勸阻某人不要…。

同義句型主語(yǔ)＋keep／prevent／stop／discourage＋sb＋from＋動(dòng)名詞有時(shí)把 from 省略。

The rain kept us from getting there on time.　

那場(chǎng)雨使我們不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)那里。

Nobody can prevent him from running the risk.　

 沒(méi)有人能夠阻止他去冒險(xiǎn)。

7. I remember + doing sth 記得曾做…

remember＋動(dòng)名詞”是指現(xiàn)在記得以前曾經(jīng)做過(guò)某事，而“remember＋to do”是指“記住要做某事”。forget，regret 的情形和 remember 也有大致相同的區(qū)別。

Do you remember taking a trip to Japan with him?　

你記得曾經(jīng)和他到日本旅行嗎？

8. ... be busy doing sth.忙著做…

同義句型　be busy with＋sth

He was busy preparing for the exam.

他忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。

9.... be used to +doing sth  習(xí)慣于…

而used to do 是“過(guò)去常?！?/span>

物＋be used to do  則是“被用來(lái)…”

He is used to staying up late.　

他習(xí)慣熬夜。

Are you used to the weather in Jinan?　

你習(xí)慣濟(jì)南的天氣嗎？

10. spend ... (in) doing sth  …花／用若干時(shí)間做…

同義句型  It takes＋sb +時(shí)間＋to do sth

How much time do you spend practicing English everyday?

你每天花多少時(shí)間練習(xí)英語(yǔ)？

11. prefer doing A to doing B寧可…而不愿…；喜歡…而不喜歡…　　

Some people prefer staying up to going to bed early.　

有些人寧可熬夜，而不早睡。

He said he preferred country life to city life.

他說(shuō)他喜歡鄉(xiāng)下生活，而不喜歡都市生活。

12. What /How about…? 怎么樣？

What about going out with me tomorrow?

明天和我一起出去怎么樣？

13. Would you mind + doing sth  你介意做。。。嗎？

Would you mind passing me the salt?
請(qǐng)您幫我遞一下鹽好嗎？

二、含有動(dòng)詞不定式的句型 

1. It takes sb. some time (money)to do sth.某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間(金錢(qián))做某事。

It took me ten yuan to buy the book last week.

上周我花了10元買(mǎi)那本書(shū)。

How long will it take them to finish the work?

完成那項(xiàng)工作需要花費(fèi)他們多少時(shí)間？

2. It’s time to do sth. 該做某事了

同義句為：It’s time for sth. / doing sth.

It’s time to get up. = It’s time for getting up.

該起床了。

類(lèi)似的：It’s time for sb. to do sth.是某人做某事的時(shí)間了。

It’s time for you to go to school.

到你們上學(xué)的時(shí)間了。

3. 主語(yǔ)+be(not)+adj.+enough to do sth.(某人、某物)足夠(不能)做某事。

The boy is old enough to go to school.

這個(gè)孩子到了上學(xué)年齡。

此句可以用so…that…引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)替換,還可以用too…to…句式替換。

He is not old enough to go to work.他太小不能去上班。

He is so young that he can’t go to work.

He is too young to go to work.

4. sb. +be ready + to do sth. (某人樂(lè)意做某事)

I’m always ready to make new friends.

我總是樂(lè)于結(jié)交新朋友。

5. It’s +adj. + for / of sb. to do sth.對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)做某事…

It’s dangerous for children to play football in the street.

對(duì)孩子來(lái)說(shuō)在街上踢足球是很危險(xiǎn)的。

It’s very kind of you to help me. 你真好,肯幫我。

該句式中,引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)的介詞用for還是of,主要取決于前面的形容詞。如果形容詞是描述動(dòng)詞不定式的行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的。如：kind, good, nice, wrong, right, clever, careless, foolish等,應(yīng)用of；如果形容詞僅僅是描述事物,不是對(duì)動(dòng)詞不定式的行為者的品質(zhì)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)的,就用for. 常見(jiàn)這類(lèi)形容詞有difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous等。

6. 主+would like / love to do sth. …喜歡(想做某事)

I’d love I like to help you study English.

我很愿意幫你學(xué)英語(yǔ)。

類(lèi)似句型would like / love sb. to do sth.喜歡/想讓某人做某事。

I’d like them to help me.

我想讓他們幫助我。

7. had better do sth. 最好做… 否定句為had better not do.

It’s very cold outside, you’d better put on your coat.

外面很冷,你最好穿上大衣。

You’d better not speak when your mouth is full of food.

滿嘴食物時(shí)你最好別講話。

8. Why don’t you +動(dòng)詞原形+…？你為什么不…？

同義句Why not+動(dòng)詞原形…？

It’s warm here, why don’t you take off your coat?

這很暖和,你為什么不脫掉外衣？

There is a seat, why not sit down?

還有座位,怎么不坐下？

9. Would / Will / Could you please to do…？ 請(qǐng)你…好嗎？(用來(lái)請(qǐng)求對(duì)方為自己做某件事)

Would you please bring some water with you?

請(qǐng)你帶點(diǎn)水來(lái)好嗎？

10. prefer …to do sth. rather than do sth. …寧愿…也不愿…

She prefers to be poor rather than get money in such a way.

她寧愿受窮也不愿以這種方式掙錢(qián)。

11. It’s one’s turn to do sth. 該輪到誰(shuí)做某事了。

It’s my turn to be on duty.

該輪到我值日了。

12. 主語(yǔ)+be+形容詞+to do sth. …做某事如何

I’m sorry to hear that.

聽(tīng)到這事很難過(guò)。

三、形容詞和副詞句型

1、 as +原級(jí) + as 與not + so/ as + 原級(jí)+ as

Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.

This building looks not so (as)high as that one.

2、比較級(jí) + than 

She plays better than (she did) last year.  她比去年彈得好。

3、比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí) 越來(lái)越......

Our country is getting stronger and stronger. 

我們的祖國(guó)越來(lái)越強(qiáng)大。

4、too + 形容詞 + to do具有否定意義，表示“太……不能， 太……不會(huì)”。

He is too young to dress himself.  

他還小，還不能自己穿衣服。

注：too 前面有 only, all, not, but, never, simply, just, only too 等詞，或 too 后有 eager, anxious, pleased, kind, willing, ready, glad, quick 等時(shí)，too 意為“very, extremely”，“too…to”表示肯定意義。

She is only too glad to help others. 

她非常樂(lè)意幫助別人。

5、not so much A as B和more A than B 與其說(shuō)A，不如說(shuō)B

注意：二者所強(qiáng)調(diào)的對(duì)象不同。前者強(qiáng)調(diào)B，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)A

James is not so much a writer as a reporter.    

與其說(shuō) James 是作家，不如說(shuō)是記者。

James is more a writer than a reporter.   

與其說(shuō) James 是記者，不如說(shuō)是作家。

6、the + 比較級(jí), the + 比較級(jí)  越...... 就越.....

The happier you are, the more friends you will make.

你越開(kāi)心，你交的朋友就越多。

7、 no more + 形容詞 + than 和 not more+ 形容詞 + than。前者含否定意義，表示“（兩者）都不……”；后者表示程度上的差異，但有肯定意義，意為“前者不如后者”（但二者都……）。

This book is no more expensive than that one.  

這本書(shū)跟那本書(shū)都不貴。

This book is not more expensive than that one. 

 這本書(shū)沒(méi)有那本書(shū)貴。（隱含意思是兩本書(shū)都貴）

9、not／no ／nothing ／never．．＋比較級(jí)  最……不過(guò)表示最高級(jí)含義

The situation couldn’t be worse. 

= The situation is the worst.

 形勢(shì)再糟糕不過(guò)了。

10．倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。 

 ①.“A + be + 倍數(shù) + as + 計(jì)量形容詞原級(jí) + as + B”. 
This tree is three times as tall as that one. 

這棵樹(shù)是那棵樹(shù)的三倍高。 

His father is twice as old as he. 

他父親的年紀(jì)有他兩倍大。 

②.'A + be + 倍數(shù) + 計(jì)量形容詞比較級(jí) + than + B ' 

The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River.
長(zhǎng)江差不多比珠江長(zhǎng)兩倍。 
③.'A + be + 倍數(shù) + the + 計(jì)量名詞 + of + B '

The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.
新擴(kuò)建的廣場(chǎng)是未擴(kuò)建時(shí)的四倍大。

11. 修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)常用much, far, even ,a little，a bit 等來(lái)修飾。

He runs much better than I. 

他跑得比我快。

12．a(chǎn)s , too, so 等詞修飾名詞時(shí)，常常把形容詞放在冠詞前面。

She's as good an actress as she is a singer. 

她當(dāng)演員和當(dāng)歌手都一樣出色.

This is too difficult a text for them/This text is too difficult for them. 

這篇課文對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)太難了.

He's not so good a player as his wife. 

他沒(méi)他妻子演奏得好.