初中英語(yǔ)100個(gè)語(yǔ)法公式

1: a+單數(shù)量詞+of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

a basket of eggs一籃子雞蛋

a group of children一群孩子

2:數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)量詞+of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

two boxes of pens 兩盒鋼筆

two baskets of apples 兩籃子蘋(píng)果

3: a+單數(shù)量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞

a piece of chalk一支粉筆

a bit of bread一點(diǎn)面包

4: : 數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞

two glasses of milk 兩杯牛奶

three cups of coffee 三杯咖啡

5:單數(shù)名詞詞尾+’s表示所屬

the children' s toys 兒童玩具

today' s news 今天 的新聞

6：復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾(以s結(jié)尾)+’表示所屬

My parents' hometown is very beautiful.我父母的家鄉(xiāng)非常美。

7：A(+B...)+and + C+’ s表示兩者或多者共同擁有

Professor Wang is Li Ming and Li Ling’s mother.王教授是李明和李玲的媽媽。

8：A+’s(+B+' s...)+ and + C+’s 表示兩者或多者分別擁有

Tim’s and Peter' fathers both teach in the same school.蒂姆的爸爸和彼得的爸爸在同一所學(xué)校教學(xué)。

9：名詞+of+名詞一般用于無(wú)生命事物的名詞，有時(shí)也可表示人或其他有生命事物的名詞間的所有關(guān)系。

The windows of that house are broken.

那間屋子的窗戶(hù)破了。

10：名詞+of+名詞的’s所有格

I have only read four books of Dickens.

我只看過(guò)狄更斯的四本書(shū)。

11：只修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)有

many, many a(n), a good / great many, a (great / large) number of, scores of, dozens of ，a great many, quite a few等。

He made a great many mistakes.

他犯了許多錯(cuò)誤。

12：只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)有：

much, a great deal of, a great / large amount of 等。

We got little help from them.

我們沒(méi)有從他們那兒得到什么幫助。

△既能修飾可數(shù)名詞又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞語(yǔ)有:

a lot of, lots of, plenty of (以上三個(gè)詞語(yǔ)后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)依of 后的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定),a great / large quantity of (其后謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)),quantities of (其后謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù))。

There is still lots of snow in the garden.

花園里還有許多雪。

13：a lot of等+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞。既可以修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)有

plenty of, lots of， quantities of, a quantity of 等。

Some police officers in the UK carry guns, but most ofthem don't. 在英國(guó)，一些警官帶槍?zhuān)蠖鄶?shù)不帶。

14： a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

A square has four sides.

正方形有四條邊。

15: the+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

The tiger is without doubt the most magnificent of the bigcats.老虎無(wú)疑是大型貓科動(dòng)物中最威武的。

16:零冠詞+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞

PIastic is hard to break up. 塑料很難分解。

17: a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞表示泛指、初次提到，“一；每”等意義。

He was born in a small mountainous village in Guizhou Province.他出生在貴州省的一個(gè)小山村里。

18: a/an+專(zhuān)有名詞→表示具有某種特性的人或物、某一個(gè)不認(rèn)識(shí)的人或不確定的時(shí)間。

The story took place in an October in the 1980s.這個(gè)故事發(fā)生在20世紀(jì)80年代一個(gè)10月。

19: a/an+抽象名詞→當(dāng)抽象名詞表示具體的人或事物，或表示引起人們某種情緒、情感的人或事時(shí)，視為可數(shù)名詞，可用不定冠詞修飾。

Working with Jane is a great joy.

和簡(jiǎn)一起工作是一件很快樂(lè)的事情。

20: a/an+物 質(zhì)名詞

如fog, rain, snow, wind等前面 用不定冠詞，表示.“...”之意。

I' d like a coffee and a chicken sandwich, sir.

先生，我要一杯咖啡和一個(gè)雞肉三明治。

21: the+名詞特指上文提到過(guò)的、特定的或談話(huà)雙方都熟悉的人或事物。

I visited a church in Jinan. The church was built in the early 1900s. 我在濟(jì)南參觀(guān)了一座教堂。這座教堂建于20世紀(jì)初。

公式22: the + sun/earth等

表示自然界獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物的名詞前要用定冠詞。

As time goes on, we will know more about the Mars.

隨著時(shí)間的推移，我們對(duì)火星的了解會(huì)更多。

23:go+and+動(dòng)詞→表示兩個(gè)緊密相關(guān)的和為，第二個(gè)行為是第一個(gè)行為的原因。

Let's go and have a cup of coffee.

咱們?nèi)ズ瓤Х劝伞?/p>

24: the+專(zhuān)有名詞→由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專(zhuān)有名詞或表示組織等的專(zhuān)有名詞前一般都要加定冠詞。

We are said to be I iving in the Information Age, a time of new discoveries and great changes. 據(jù)說(shuō)我們生活在信息時(shí)代，一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)了新發(fā)現(xiàn)和巨大變化的時(shí)代。

25: the+方位名詞

from the behind從后面品產(chǎn)

to the right朝右邊

26: the+形 容詞或分詞表示一類(lèi)人，事物或抽象概念。

The newis to take the place of the old.新事物最終會(huì)取代舊事物。

27:the+樂(lè)器、娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)等類(lèi)的名詞在表示被演奏的西洋樂(lè)器、文藝活動(dòng)或運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)所的名詞前用定冠詞。

I play the guitar in the school band.

我在學(xué)校樂(lè)隊(duì)里面彈吉他。

28:動(dòng)詞+sb.+介詞+the+身體部位表示身體部位的名詞前要用定冠詞the.

The father led his daughterby the hand and walked into the supermarket.爸爸牽著女兒的手走進(jìn)了超市。

29: such/what/half + a/an(+形容詞) +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。

He has never written such an interesting bookas that.

他從未寫(xiě)過(guò)像那本書(shū)一樣那么有趣的書(shū)。

30: that/as/so/to/how/enough+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

Lily is too young a child to be left by herself at home.

莉莉還太小，不能把她單獨(dú)留在家里。

31: quite/rather + a/an(+形容詞)+名詞

I had quite/rather an easy test yesterday.我昨天的考試很簡(jiǎn)單。

32: all/both/double/half/twice等+the+名詞

AII the students in the class went out. 班里所有的學(xué)生都出去了。

33: you + he/she /I用于多個(gè)單數(shù)人稱(chēng)并列的場(chǎng)合。

You and I have done our best.

我和你都已經(jīng)盡全力了。

34: we + you + they用于多個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)人稱(chēng)并列的場(chǎng)合。

We, you and they are all Chinese. 我們、你們和他們都是中國(guó)人。

35: he + she用于男、女兩性并列的場(chǎng)合。

He and she don' t agree with me.

他和她不同意我的看法。

36: It + be/get+形 容詞/名詞/介詞短語(yǔ)

it用作非人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí)，常表示天氣、日期、時(shí)間、距離、溫度等。

It gets colder and colder.

天氣變得越來(lái)越冷。

37:It+be+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that.

構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分指人時(shí)，that可以換成who,其他情況一律用that。

It was not until I came here that I realized this place wasfamous for not only its beauty but also its weather.

直到我來(lái)到了這里我才意識(shí)到這個(gè)地方不僅以美景聞名，而且它的天氣也很有名公式

38: It+be+形容詞(+for sb.)+to do sth.

It is very important for us to master the skills of computers.對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)，掌握計(jì)算機(jī)技能是非常重要的。

39: It+be+no use/no good+doing sth. 意為“做……是沒(méi)用的”，動(dòng)名詞是真正的主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)。

It is no good turning to him. He is always in different towards others' matters. 向他求助沒(méi)用，他對(duì)別人的事總是漠不關(guān)心。

40: It+be+ 過(guò)去分詞+that從句

It is required in the regulations that you should not tellother people the password of your e-mai account.

按照規(guī)定你不能把自己電子郵箱的密碼告訴別人。

41: It+be+名 詞+不定式/that從句

it作形式主語(yǔ)，后面的不定式或that從句是句子的真正主語(yǔ)。

It is an honour for me to be invited to speak here.

我很榮幸應(yīng)邀在這里講話(huà)。

42: It+be+形容詞+that從句

It is obvious that he doesn't know how to repair a car.

很明顯，他不知道怎樣修理汽車(chē)。

43:lt+某些動(dòng)詞+that→從句常用于該公式的動(dòng)詞有appear, seem, happen等 。

It appears that all the files have been deleted.所有的檔案好像都已經(jīng)被刪除了。

44: It+be+(high) time... 主語(yǔ)連系

Now it is time for me to study hard.

現(xiàn)在是我努力學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候了。

45：It+is/has been+時(shí)間段+since...主語(yǔ)連系

It is three months since they completed the great project.

他們完成這項(xiàng)大工程已經(jīng)3個(gè)月了。

46: It+was/will be+時(shí)間+before

It was several minutes before we realized what was happening.幾分鐘后我們才明白發(fā)生了什么事情。

47:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+it+補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+真正賓語(yǔ)

I thought it appropriate to invite her to speak at the meet ing.我認(rèn)為邀請(qǐng)她在會(huì)上發(fā)言是合理的。

48:名詞+of+形容詞性物主代詞+own

There is only one success in the world-to be able to spend

your life in your own way.

世界上只有一種成功，那就是能夠用自己的方式度過(guò)一生。

49: one.... the other... 意為“(兩者中的）一個(gè)....另一個(gè)...

He has two sons. One is a doctor and the other is a soldier.

他有兩個(gè)兒子。一個(gè)是醫(yī)生，另一個(gè)是軍人。

50: some... others...意為“(不確定范圍中的) 一些.... 一些...”。

Some boys are playing football, and others are playing basketball.一些男孩子在踢足球，另外一些在打籃球。

51: some..., the others...意為“(確定范圍中的)些.....其余的...”.

Of these students, some are from Peking University, and theothers are from Tsinghua University.

這些學(xué)生中，一些來(lái)自北京大學(xué)，其余的來(lái)自清華大學(xué)。

52: one.... another(the other...)意為“(三者以中的一.... (另一....)”

The old man s three daughters are all abroad. One is in the US,another is in England and the other seems to be in France.

這位老人的三個(gè)女兒都在國(guó)外。一個(gè)在美國(guó)，一個(gè)在英國(guó)，另外一個(gè)好像在法國(guó)。

53: (a) few/many(+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞) (b) little/much(+不可 數(shù)名詞)I have got a few friends who live nearby. ##Л↑lt tiE éJBRG.

54: such+be... be的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由其后的名詞或代詞決定。

Such were her wishes.

這就是她的愿望。

55: none (+of+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞)→no one, none指代指人或物的可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，

后面可以跟of結(jié)構(gòu); no one只能指代指人的可數(shù)名詞，后面不能跟of結(jié)構(gòu)。Nane of the people present agreed to the plan.

56:基數(shù)詞+ dozen

hundred/ thousand/million +復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞意為“幾百/幾千/幾萬(wàn)/......”

There were about six hundred students in the school buildingduring the earthquake. 地震時(shí)教學(xué)樓里大約有600名學(xué)生。

57:“dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions +of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“數(shù)十/百/千百....”.

She went to the book store and bought dozens of books.

她去書(shū)店買(mǎi)了幾十本書(shū)。

58:“分鐘數(shù)+past/after+小時(shí)分鐘數(shù)”是超過(guò)整時(shí)數(shù)30分鐘內(nèi)的部分，意為“....點(diǎn)過(guò)....分。

five (minutes) past/after nine9:05

59:“分鐘數(shù)+to+小時(shí)分鐘數(shù)”是超過(guò)半點(diǎn)距整時(shí)數(shù)的差，意為“差..... 分...點(diǎn).”.

five (minutes) to ten9:55

60:“ at (the age of)+基數(shù)詞”意為“在 ...歲時(shí)”。

At (the age of) forty, he became the general manager of thecompany.

他40歲時(shí)，成了公司的總經(jīng)理。

61: a/an+名詞+aged+基數(shù)詞，

名詞+of+基數(shù)詞+years old

意為“一個(gè).....歲....”

He is an old man aged eighty.

他是一位80歲的老人。

62: in one' s+整十?dāng)?shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式意為“在某人幾十多歲時(shí)”。

My mother became a professor in her thirties.

我媽媽三十多歲時(shí)就成了一名教授。

公式63: in+the+年數(shù)+s/' s意為.........年代”。

This kind of hairstyle was very popular in the 1990s/1990' s.這種發(fā)型在20世紀(jì)90年代非常流行。

64:倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞原級(jí)+as... 意為..... 是....的...倍”

The new stadium being built for the next Asia Games will be threetimes as big as the present one

正在為下一屆亞運(yùn)會(huì)修建的新體育場(chǎng)將是現(xiàn)在這個(gè)的三倍大。

65:倍數(shù)+the+名詞+of...意為“.... 是......的幾倍””。

This street is twice/double the width of that one.

這條大街是那條街的兩倍寬。

66:“倍數(shù)+形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+than...”意為“....是 .....的幾倍'”。

This room is twice larger than yours.

這間房子的大小是你們那間的兩倍。

67.“形容詞/副詞比較級(jí)+than... +by+倍數(shù)”意為.“.... 是.....的....倍”

This line is longer than that one by twice. 這條線(xiàn)是那條線(xiàn)的兩倍長(zhǎng)。

68: the+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，

a/an+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞序數(shù)詞前用the意為“第....”；用a/an意為“另一個(gè)，再一個(gè)”

In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.

為了找一 份更好的工作，他決定再學(xué)一門(mén)外語(yǔ)

69: on+表示具體時(shí)間的名詞

表示在特定的日子、具體日期、星期幾節(jié)日或具體某一天的某個(gè)時(shí)間段上。

on Sunday morning

在星期天的早上

on a rainy night of August 18

在8月18日的一個(gè)雨夜

70: for+表示時(shí)間段的名詞

表示一個(gè)時(shí)間段，可用于完成時(shí)、過(guò)去時(shí)、將來(lái)時(shí)的句子中。

I have subscribed to that magazine for three years.

我訂閱那種雜志已經(jīng)3年了。

71: “after+一段時(shí)間”用于過(guò)去時(shí)，表示多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間之后。

The old man left home in 1924 and came back after thirty years.那位老人1924年離開(kāi)家，30年后才回來(lái)。

72: on/ in/above/over+名詞→意為“在...上面”。

There is a picture on the wall.

墻上有幅畫(huà)。

The plane flew above the clouds.

飛機(jī)在云層之上飛行。

73: through/across/past/over+名詞→意為“穿過(guò)/經(jīng)過(guò)/跨過(guò)某地”

I drive past a big supermarket to the office every day.

我每天開(kāi)車(chē)去上班時(shí)都經(jīng)過(guò)一家大超市。

74: between/among+名詞.意為“ 在...之間”。

Some students often listen to music between classes to refreshthemselves. 一些學(xué)生通常在課間聽(tīng)音樂(lè)來(lái)放松自己。

75: except/bes ides/except for+名詞意為 “除....之外”。

The office is open every day except Sundays.

這個(gè)辦事處除了星期天之外天天都開(kāi)門(mén)。

76: with/by/in+表示方式、 工具的名詞意為“用...來(lái)做”。

I cut the cake with the knife.

我用刀子把蛋糕切開(kāi)。

77: be busy (in) doing sth. 意為“忙于做某事”。

We' re busy (in) doing homework after school every day.

我們每天放學(xué)后都忙于做作業(yè)。

78: have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 意為“做某事有困難”

I have some trouble (in) working out this probl em.解出這道題我有些困難。

79:“ stop/prevent... (from) doing sth. ”意為“阻止……做某事”。

We must stop him (from) going to swim in the river.我們必須阻止他去河里游泳。

80: be (of)+種類(lèi)、 數(shù)量、度量、種族、國(guó)籍類(lèi)名詞

Machines are (of) different types and sizes. 機(jī)器有不同的型號(hào)和規(guī)格。

81: “(for+) 時(shí)間段/距離”，for多用于某些表示時(shí)間段的短語(yǔ)前或last, stay, wait, live及表示“位移”意義的動(dòng)詞后。

The meeting lasted (for) three hours.

會(huì)議持續(xù)了3個(gè)小時(shí)。

82:“祈使句+or/and+陳述句”意為“....否則/那么就……

祈使句表示條件，陳述句表示結(jié)果。

Seize the chance, or you'1l regret it. 抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，否則你會(huì)后悔的。

83:... while...意為“然而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。

The spring of Beijing is very dry while that of Kunming is damp北京的春天很干燥，然而昆明的春天卻很潮濕。

84:“ ...or...”意為“是……還是……”.表示選擇。

Do you go to schoolby bus or on foot?

你是坐公共汽車(chē)還是步行去.上學(xué)?

85:“句子(，) +but+句子”意為.....但是...”。

I thought we 'd be late for the concert, but we ended up gettingthere ahead of time.我以為這次音樂(lè)會(huì)我們會(huì)遲到，但最后卻提前到達(dá)了。

86: not...but... 意為“不是....而是...”.

Not money but teachers are what we need.我們需要的不是錢(qián)，而是老師。

87; both...and... 意為“既...又 ...，兩者都………”

He can both write songs and compose music.他既會(huì)寫(xiě)歌，又會(huì)作曲。

88: either...or....意為“要么.....要么...”

You can talk with Mr BIack either in English or in Chinese.你可以跟布萊克先生用英文或中文談話(huà)。

89: not only……but (also)... →意為“不但……而且…….”

He not only read the book, but also remembered what he hadread.他不僅看過(guò)這本書(shū)，而且還記得他看過(guò)的內(nèi)容。

90: neither...nor... 意為“........ (兩者)都不”。

She likes neither butter nor cheese.

她既不喜歡黃油也不喜歡奶酪。

91:句子，for+句子→意為 “因?yàn)?....”

The leaves of the trees are falling, for it' s already autumn.樹(shù)葉在飄落，因?yàn)榍锾煲呀?jīng)到了。

92:復(fù)合不定代詞+形容詞→形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)要后置。

something interesting有趣的事情nothing special 沒(méi)什 么特別的

93:名詞+形容詞短語(yǔ)→形容詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)需后置。

Australia is a country famous for its beautiful scenery.澳大利亞是一個(gè)以風(fēng)景秀麗聞名的國(guó)家。

94:名詞+形容詞+and/or+形容詞→兩個(gè)意義相近或相反的形容詞用and,or等連詞連接作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常需要后置。

People in the village, young and old, went to see the filmyesterday evening. 這個(gè)村子里的老老少少昨天晚上都去看這場(chǎng)電影了。

95:名詞+基數(shù)詞+時(shí)間、度量類(lèi)名詞+形容詞

“基數(shù)詞+時(shí)間、度量類(lèi)名詞+形容詞”作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)要后置。

Yesterday, a Mr Brown, thirty years old, came to visit you.昨天一位30歲、叫布朗的先生來(lái)拜訪(fǎng)過(guò)你。

96: (限定詞+)觀(guān)點(diǎn)形容詞+大小、形狀詞+新舊、長(zhǎng)幼詞+顏色形容詞+產(chǎn)地、來(lái)源詞+材料、種類(lèi)詞+用途詞(+名 詞)（口訣記憶：限觀(guān)形令色國(guó)才）

a tall gray building 一幢灰色的高樓

that square new red box.

那個(gè)新的紅色方形盒子

97: ... as+形容詞原級(jí)+as...→意為“..... 和.....一樣”

This table is as clean as that one.

這張桌子和那張一樣干凈。

98:……not as/so+形 容詞原級(jí)+as…→意為“和.....不一樣”

She is not as/so happy as she pretends.她并不像她假裝得那么高興。

99: ...as+形容詞原級(jí)+不可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+as→意為“……和……一樣

1 have as many books as Tom.我和湯姆的書(shū)一樣多。

100: . .as+形容詞原級(jí)+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+as→意為“既是....又是....”

Most doctors think that medicine is as much an art as it is a science. 多數(shù)醫(yī)生認(rèn)為醫(yī)學(xué)既是一門(mén)科學(xué)又是一門(mén)藝術(shù)。