警告：請(qǐng)?jiān)谟蠾IFI的場(chǎng)所觀看視頻，土豪請(qǐng)隨意。

Sciatica

坐骨神經(jīng)痛

Introduction（概述）

Sciatica describes an irritation of the sciatic nerve, which is the largest single nerve in the human body. The sciatic nerve begins from several nerves in the lower lumbar vertebrae and the sacrum at the bottom of the spine. These nerves combine to form the sciatic nerve, which travel through the buttocks and down each leg. Sciatic nerve irritation can result from compression of the sciatic nerve roots or from inflammation.

　　坐骨神經(jīng)是人體最大的單神經(jīng)，它受激惹時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)坐骨神經(jīng)痛。坐骨神經(jīng)起于腰椎和脊柱底面的骶椎發(fā)出的數(shù)條神經(jīng)，這些神經(jīng)合起來形成坐骨神經(jīng)，穿過臀部分布到下肢。坐骨神經(jīng)根受壓或炎癥會(huì)引起坐骨神經(jīng)的激惹。

Symptoms （癥狀）

The primary symptom of sciatic nerve irritation is pain felt in the lower back or buttocks that travels down one leg, frequently to the foot. The pain can vary from a mild ache to a sharp, shooting pain and may sometimes feel like an electric jolt traveling down the leg. Muscular weakness, numbness or a tingling sensation down the leg and into the foot may also be symptoms. Pain in the leg is usually worse when sitting.

　　坐骨神經(jīng)激惹首先產(chǎn)生腰部、臀部的疼痛并向下放射到下肢，常常到達(dá)足部。疼痛性質(zhì)從輕微的疼痛到尖銳、槍擊樣疼痛，有時(shí)會(huì)感覺觸電樣傳導(dǎo)到下肢?？赡艹霈F(xiàn)的癥狀還包括肌肉無力、麻木或腿和足的針刺感。腿痛在坐著時(shí)往往會(huì)加重。

Causes （病因）

Sciatica can be caused by a variety of conditions that cause inflammation or pressure on the nerve roots connected to the sciatic nerve. The most frequent cause of sciatica is the degeneration and rupture of a lumbar disc due to the normal aging process. The ruptured disc may herniate and push against a nerve, causing pain in the low back, leg, or both. Occasionally, trauma or an episode of heavy lifting causes sudden rupture of the disc and symptoms. Sudden twisting, such as when golfing, can also cause herniations.

　　各種疾病引起與坐骨神經(jīng)相連的神經(jīng)根的炎癥或壓迫均可引起坐骨神經(jīng)痛。常見的病因有正常老化引起的腰椎間盤退變和破裂。椎間盤破裂會(huì)疝出并擠壓神經(jīng)，引起腰腿痛。有時(shí)，創(chuàng)傷或負(fù)重史會(huì)導(dǎo)致椎間盤突然破裂并出現(xiàn)癥狀。驟然扭腰，比如在打高爾夫球時(shí)，也會(huì)引起椎間盤疝出。

Summary （總結(jié)）

If symptoms include loss of bladder or bowel control, seek medical attention immediately. Minor sciatica will often disappear over time and it is rare for permanent nerve damage to result. If symptoms persist and worsen, or if they arise after a sudden injury, treatment may be necessary. Non-surgical treatments include controlling sources of inflammation and pressure, as well as physical therapy. Surgery is performed for those whose symptoms do not improve.

　　如果癥狀包括大小便失控，應(yīng)立即就醫(yī)。輕微的坐骨神經(jīng)痛往往經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間后會(huì)消失，很少引起永久的神經(jīng)損害。如果癥狀持續(xù)或加重，或因突然的外傷而出現(xiàn)，就需要積極治療。非手術(shù)治療包括控制炎癥和壓迫的來源，以及物理治療。如果癥狀沒有改善，可進(jìn)行手術(shù)治療。

（高晨珉    轉(zhuǎn)）