什么是point merge?

Point Merge is a systemised method for sequencing arrival flows developed by the EUROCONTROL Experimental Centre in 2006.

Point Merge is now operational in Oslo (2011) and three Norwegian regional airports (2014), Dublin (2012), Seoul (2012), Paris ACC (2013), Kuala Lumpur (2014), Lagos (2014), Canary Islands (2014), Hannover (2014), Leipzig (2015) and London City and Biggin Hill (2016).

Point Merge is one of the ICAO Aviation System Block Upgrades and is referenced as a technique to support continuous descent operations (doc 9931).

Point Merge 是EURO CONTROL實(shí)驗(yàn)中心2006年開發(fā)的一種系統(tǒng)化的進(jìn)場流量排序方法。2011年，在挪威OSLO機(jī)場開始實(shí)施（挪威另外三家機(jī)場于2014年開始實(shí)施）。

隨后，都柏林（2012），首爾（2012），巴黎ACC（2013），吉隆坡（2014），拉各斯（2014），加納利群島（2014，漢諾威 （2014），萊比錫（2015），倫敦城市和比金山（2016）等機(jī)場陸續(xù)開始啟用新程序。

Point Merge 是ICAO ASBU(航空系統(tǒng)升級組塊)的一部分，也是支持CDO的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。

簡單說，就是隨著航班架次增加，原有進(jìn)場程序已不能滿足需求（比如標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)場程序15分鐘，而現(xiàn)階段所有航班都需要飛行25分鐘），那么多出來的10分鐘就必須管制員用引導(dǎo)、等待等方式去消耗。

而頻繁的引導(dǎo)和等待對于管制員和飛行員來說，都是效率不高并且存在安全隱患的一種選擇。

所以我們希望，有一種辦法可以盡量將這多余的10分鐘也能夠納入到飛行程序體系之中來，盡量讓航空器進(jìn)場軌跡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，可預(yù)期化。

這就是point merge設(shè)計(jì)最初的目標(biāo)。

這是全球第一個實(shí)施point merge程序的oslo機(jī)場關(guān)于該程序的介紹。

Ireland airspace and ANSP

愛爾蘭空管服務(wù)提供商主要是IAA.

主要負(fù)責(zé)境內(nèi)終端區(qū)、航路管制以及北大西洋的航空通信服務(wù)。

Dublin Terminal Airspace 

Dublin Airport and Point Merge 

2018年，旅客吞吐量3150萬，歐洲排名13，是愛爾蘭第一大機(jī)場。

雙跑道：10/28,16/34(新的第三跑道north runway正在規(guī)劃中)

ICAO:EIDW

Implemented in December 2012, Dublin Point Merge streamlines the way in which aircraft are sequenced to land at Dublin Airport and uses new techniques to assist airlines to fly in Continuous Descent Approaches (CDAs) to the main runway. It has almost eradicated the need to put aircraft into traditional, circular holding patterns at Dublin and greatly reduces aircraft fuel burn and CO2 emissions.

An independent analysis conducted by NATS (UK Air Navigation Service Provider) established that by using Point Merge, airlines landing at Dublin Airport in 2013 saved 127 kg of fuel, worth €93.10 per flight and reduced their fuel requirement by 19.1% per flight. It also found that aircraft reduced the length of the flight by 11.3 miles, a 17% saving. Point Merge also provided savings of 23,500 tons of CO2, representing a 19% reduction.

Point Merge Extension to Runway 10

After the proven success of the introduction of Point Merge on Runway 28, the IAA introduced Point Merge to Runway 10.  The system lists among its benefits reduction in track mileage flown with consequent fuel saving, enhanced use of airborne avionics and continuous descent approaches and associated environmental benefits. The Runway 10 version differs from the Runway 28 system in that features individual sequence legs, positioned on the ideal track to final approach for Runway 10.

僅28/10跑道實(shí)施point merge程序，16/34并未實(shí)施。

Dublin Point Merge Chart

28號常規(guī)程序

28號point mege 程序

10號常規(guī)程序

10號point mege規(guī)程序

程序設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)

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