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一、mean±SEM 即均數(shù)加減標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤,前者表示定量資料抽樣分布的均數(shù)的分布情況。意即這種表述主要想表達(dá)的是總體均數(shù)的分布情況。 二、mean±SD 即均數(shù)加減標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差,表示定量資料(滿足或近似滿足正態(tài)分布)的個(gè)體測量值的分布情況,意義完全不同。 三、關(guān)系 SE=SD/sqrt(n),因此SE將永遠(yuǎn)小于SD。 四、誤用 國內(nèi)一些學(xué)者,生怕自己用mean±SD,SD太大,說明自己數(shù)據(jù)同質(zhì)性不好,就采用mean±SEM,因?yàn)镾EM永遠(yuǎn)小于SD,所以感覺數(shù)據(jù)好漂亮,其實(shí)自欺人,數(shù)據(jù)好壞就在哪里! 五、外文解釋 The standard deviation, or SD, measures the amount of variability or dispersion for a subject set of data from the mean, while the standard error of the mean, or SEM, measures how far the sample mean of the data is likely to be from the true population mean. The SEM is always smaller than the SD. The formula for the SEM is the standard deviation divided by the square root of the sample size. |
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