电竞比分网-中国电竞赛事及体育赛事平台

分享

??脫歐獨(dú)孤斷腸劍|經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人英文精讀|公投在即: 選票長(zhǎng)啥樣?

 安吉麗娜朱棣 2016-06-24



導(dǎo)語(yǔ)


本篇發(fā)布于2016年6月23日午間,北京時(shí)間今天下午,英國(guó)將開(kāi)始脫歐公投,6月24日午前應(yīng)該就會(huì)出結(jié)果了。本篇的話題可為炙熱。


同時(shí)推薦超燃: B字仇殺隊(duì)!|10星推薦|經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人精讀公投會(huì)掀翻民主的小船?|經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人英文精讀 兩篇話題相關(guān)的文章,尤其前者。讀完本篇后拉至文章底部可以找到鏈接入口。先讀一下《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》公投前的這一期的文章:本文節(jié)選自2016年6月18日《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》的leaders社論板塊。標(biāo)題的Divided We Fall充分表明了《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》的態(tài)度,“英獨(dú)”將意味著英國(guó)和歐洲大陸的“兩敗俱傷”。標(biāo)題取自這句“United, we stand; divided, we fall.” “團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái),我們將屹立不倒;一旦分裂,我們將沉淪跌倒?!保ㄍǔUJ(rèn)為出處是伊索寓言中一位希臘奴隸的呼聲。)不過(guò)這個(gè)標(biāo)題沒(méi)有文中的小標(biāo)題Singapore on steroids來(lái)的有趣,稍后會(huì)講到。




公投選票長(zhǎng)啥樣?


之前跟大家介紹過(guò),西方選票或其他地方勾選確認(rèn)時(shí)常用?,這次這個(gè)選票當(dāng)然也是一樣。看看JK羅琳的《偶發(fā)空缺》原版和譯本的封面有何不同?


我分享過(guò)蘇格蘭公投選票還有澳洲議會(huì)選舉的科普視頻等,里面都能看到他們填表格用“×”表示“選中”。中文版封面將“×”變成“√”,看似篡改實(shí)則傳達(dá)了原意,避免了傳遞誤導(dǎo)信息,可謂“信達(dá)”的“圖形翻譯”。

閱讀原文文摘

重點(diǎn)理解加粗部分,不理解不要緊,下面有解析點(diǎn)撥(淺色文字語(yǔ)言不難,為表意的完整性而保留)。本文乍看不難,邏輯里自有玄機(jī),要多讀、背誦,品出其間的邏輯,比如說(shuō),那個(gè)有“新加坡”的小標(biāo)題,是什么意思?又在發(fā)揮什么作用?


Divided we fall


The peevishness of the campaigning has obscured the importance of what is at stake. A vote to quit the European Union on June 23rd, which polls say is a growing possibility, would do grave and lasting harm to the politics and economy of Britain. The loss of one of the EU’s biggest members would gouge a deep wound in the rest of Europe. And, with the likes of Donald Trump and Marine Le Pen fuelling economic nationalism and xenophobia, it would mark a defeat for the liberal order that has underpinned the West’s prosperity


That, clearly, is not the argument of the voices calling to leave. As with Eurosceptics across the EU, their story is about liberation and history. Quitting the sclerotic, undemocratic EU, the Brexiteers say, would set Britain free to reclaim its sovereign destiny as an outward-looking power. Many of these people claim the mantle of liberalismthe creed that this newspaper has long championed.


Singapore on steroids 


The liberal Leavers are peddling an illusion. On contact with the reality of Brexit, their plans will fall apart. If Britain leaves the EU, it is likely to end up poorer, less open and less innovative. Far from reclaiming its global outlook, it will become less influential and more parochial. And without Britain, all of Europe would be worse off.


有沒(méi)讀懂的地方?jīng)]關(guān)系,解析馬上開(kāi)始:

開(kāi)讀吧

第一部分解析

The peevishness of the campaigning has obscured the importance of what is at stake. A vote to quit the European Union on June 23rd, which polls say is a growing possibility, would do grave and lasting harm to the politics and economy of Britain. The loss of one of the EU’s biggest members would gouge a deep wound in the rest of Europe. And, with the likes of Donald Trump and Marine Le Pen fuelling economic nationalism and xenophobia, it would mark a defeat for the liberal order that has underpinned the West’s prosperity

The peevishness of the campaigning has obscured the importance of what is at stake.


這句話當(dāng)真是母語(yǔ)范兒十足,屬于看得懂也未必寫(xiě)得出的那一類(lèi),建議摘抄。先把小詞兒羅列:


peevish 易怒的;脾氣壞的。

obscure 這里用的是動(dòng)詞用法,使模糊;使隱晦。

be at stake 有風(fēng)險(xiǎn);成敗難料;得失不定。


雙方拉票造勢(shì)的乍驚乍怒,已經(jīng)讓人們忽視了真正的大得大失。


灰色部分比較簡(jiǎn)單,稍后一起翻譯。


The loss of one of the EU’s biggest members would gouge a deep wound in the rest of Europe.


gouge a wound 抓出一道深深的傷口

The lion's claws had gouged a wound in the horse's side.


歐盟失去最重要的成員國(guó)之一,將會(huì)使歐洲其他國(guó)家都遭受重創(chuàng)。


為什么說(shuō)the rest of Europe?因?yàn)榍耙痪鋭傉f(shuō)完會(huì)對(duì)Britain造成的harm,這句話說(shuō)對(duì)the rest of Europe給造成的wound。


And, with the likes of Donald Trump and Marine Le Pen fuelling economic nationalism and xenophobia, it would mark a defeat for the liberal order that has underpinned the West’s prosperity


the likes of sb/sth 一類(lèi)人、一類(lèi)事物

Donald Trump和經(jīng)常和法國(guó)的Marine Le Pen拿來(lái)做類(lèi)比,他們都被媒體稱(chēng)為demagogue(通過(guò)蠱惑煽動(dòng)民意而獲利的政客),也就是說(shuō)the likes of Donald Trump and Marine Le Pen在這篇文章里起到的作用,只是躺槍?zhuān)瑢?shí)則是用來(lái)諷刺脫歐派政客,如倫敦前市長(zhǎng)Boris Johnson、英國(guó)獨(dú)立黨UKIP一些大員等等。


And, with the likes of Donald Trump and Marine Le Pen fuelling economic nationalism and xenophobia, it would mark a defeat for the liberal order that has underpinned the West’s prosperity


fuel 做動(dòng)詞用在這里就是加劇、煽動(dòng)。(加ed、ing時(shí)用fueling或fuelling都可以)

xenophobia 美國(guó)大選: 滴血的棋盤(pán) 一文中才講過(guò),“仇外情緒”

mark在這里意思是“是...的跡象”、“成為...的征兆”

underpin 鞏固,支撐,支持


而且,隨著川普/勒龐式的蠱惑型政客煽動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)民族主義和仇外情緒,這也將意味著支撐著西方式繁榮的自由秩序?qū)⒃庥龃鞌?/span>。


The peevishness of the campaigning has obscured the importance of what is at stake. A vote to quit the European Union on June 23rd, which polls say is a growing possibility, would do grave and lasting harm to the politics and economy of Britain. The loss of one of the EU’s biggest members would gouge a deep wound in the rest of Europe. And, with the likes of Donald Trump and Marine Le Pen fuelling economic nationalism and xenophobia, it would mark a defeat for the liberal order that has underpinned the West’s prosperity


大意:


雙方拉票造勢(shì)的乍驚乍怒,已經(jīng)讓人們忽視了真正的大得大失。6月23日英國(guó)將投票表決是否脫歐,據(jù)民調(diào)顯示脫歐可能性正在增加,它將給英國(guó)的政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)造成嚴(yán)重的、持續(xù)的傷害。歐盟失去最重要的成員國(guó)之一,將會(huì)使歐洲其他國(guó)家都遭受重創(chuàng)。而且,隨著川普/勒龐式的蠱惑型政客煽動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)民族主義和仇外情緒,這也將意味著支撐著西方式繁榮的自由秩序?qū)⒃庥龃鞌?/span>。

第二部分解析

That, clearly, is not the argument of the voices calling to leave. As with Eurosceptics across the EU, their story is about liberation and history.Quitting the sclerotic, undemocratic EU, the Brexiteers say, would set Britain free to reclaim its sovereign destiny as an outward-looking power. Many of these people claim the mantle of liberalismthe creed that this newspaper has long championed.

看懂這一段的作用是什么嗎?分析后再說(shuō)。


這兩句話也要理清指代關(guān)系:


That, clearly, is not the argument of the voices calling to leave. As with Eurosceptics across the EU, their story is about liberation and history.


as with 作為搭配,是正如,就像。

例子:

As with all new ideas it met with resistance.

像所有的新觀念一樣,它收到了抵制。


顯然那并不是(英國(guó))脫歐派的論點(diǎn)。就如歐盟各國(guó)的疑歐派一樣,他們也在宣揚(yáng)擺脫束縛和歷史傳統(tǒng)。


所以接下來(lái),就該說(shuō),如果上一段最后提到的那些糟糕的事情不是脫歐派的論點(diǎn)的話,他們的論點(diǎn)該是什么?


Quitting the sclerotic, undemocratic EU, the Brexiteers say, would set Britain free to reclaim its sovereign destiny as an outward-looking power.


sclerosis 學(xué)醫(yī)的朋友應(yīng)該很熟悉:硬化;硬化癥。sclerotic是其形容詞,在這里比喻“僵化”。

reclaim its sovereign destiny 重新掌握其主權(quán)命運(yùn)

an outward-looking power 一個(gè)外向型強(qiáng)國(guó)


英國(guó)脫歐派們認(rèn)為,脫離制度僵化專(zhuān)橫的歐盟將會(huì)解放英國(guó),讓它重新掌握其主權(quán)命運(yùn),締造一個(gè)外向型強(qiáng)國(guó)。


(《太陽(yáng)報(bào)》:女王力挺脫歐)


Many of these people claim the mantle of liberalism—the creed that this newspaper has long championed.


the mentle of sth

(可以繼承的)責(zé)任、職責(zé)、衣缽。

champion做動(dòng)詞是 捍衛(wèi) 聲援 為...而奮斗


脫歐派很多人都宣稱(chēng)繼承自由主義衣缽——而自由主義也正是本報(bào)長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)捍衛(wèi)的信條。


《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》雜志總是自詡“本報(bào)”以顯示其繼承的衣缽之久遠(yuǎn),以前的文章介紹過(guò),參見(jiàn) [修訂版] 首相卡梅倫的遺產(chǎn)|經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人精讀|你對(duì)《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》的誤解|卡相的王室血統(tǒng)|英國(guó)政治小百科 (本文底也會(huì)附上鏈接,不用現(xiàn)在跳轉(zhuǎn))。


讀到這兒相信有的讀者可能會(huì)略微迷惑:哎?怎么脫歐派又和“本報(bào)”是一個(gè)陣營(yíng)的了?



非也。這一段的作用是體現(xiàn)理性、中立、客觀?!督?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》在此事上的立場(chǎng)已經(jīng)很清晰了,標(biāo)題里也得也很清楚。這一段,是在說(shuō),這些脫歐派也并不是像第一段里最后說(shuō)的希望造成那些結(jié)果,很多脫歐派的論點(diǎn)并不是單純的民族主義,而是反感歐盟的僵化的互相綁架的大鍋飯規(guī)矩,他們只是在宣揚(yáng)自由主義,包括真正的全球自由貿(mào)易(而不必受歐盟的規(guī)矩制約)等等,這一點(diǎn)上,《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》承認(rèn),也與它一直捍衛(wèi)的立場(chǎng)相似。


不過(guò),接下來(lái)它就要說(shuō)了,這種觀點(diǎn),在這件事兒上,有些脫離實(shí)際。


That, clearly, is not the argument of the voices calling to leave. As with Eurosceptics across the EU, their story is about liberation and history.Quitting the sclerotic, undemocratic EU, the Brexiteers say, would set Britain free to reclaim its sovereign destiny as an outward-looking power. Many of these people claim the mantle of liberalism—the creed that this newspaper has long championed.


大意:


顯然那并不是(英國(guó))脫歐派的論點(diǎn)。就如歐盟各國(guó)的疑歐派一樣他們也在宣揚(yáng)擺脫束縛和歷史傳統(tǒng)。英國(guó)脫歐派們認(rèn)為,脫離制度僵化專(zhuān)橫的歐盟將會(huì)解放英國(guó),讓它重新掌握其主權(quán)命運(yùn),締造一個(gè)外向型強(qiáng)國(guó)。脫歐派很多人都宣稱(chēng)繼承自由主義衣缽——而自由主義也正是本報(bào)長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)捍衛(wèi)的信條。

第三部分解析

Singapore on steroids 


The liberal Leavers are peddling an illusion. On contact with the reality of Brexit, their plans will fall apart. If Britain leaves the EU, it is likely to end up poorer, less open and less innovative. Far from reclaiming its global outlook, it will become less influential and more parochial. And without Britain, all of Europe would be worse off.


首先是小標(biāo)題:


Singapore on steroids 


雖然公投在今年,但是脫歐派的努力可是很久遠(yuǎn)了。也有很多“愿景”。比如脫歐后英國(guó)的生存方式更像哪些國(guó)家?脫歐派給出過(guò)一些描述,比如瑞士、比如挪威、比如新加坡。而這里面就有一個(gè)出處已經(jīng)不可考證的提法,說(shuō)英國(guó)脫歐后將成為“Singapore on steroids”,steroid類(lèi)固醇,新聞里看到它多數(shù)與興奮劑相關(guān),雖然它是人體自然狀態(tài)下就可以產(chǎn)生的物質(zhì),也可以被用來(lái)合法治療疾病。說(shuō)某運(yùn)動(dòng)員on steroids,就是說(shuō)他用藥了。也就是脫歐派有人主張英國(guó)從歐盟獨(dú)立出來(lái),會(huì)像當(dāng)年新加坡從馬來(lái)西亞聯(lián)邦中獨(dú)立出來(lái)一樣風(fēng)生水起,而且不是正常版新加坡,而是“打了興奮劑的新加坡”,“打了雞血的新加坡”。


UKIP議員Douglas Carswell被認(rèn)為與這個(gè)提法的關(guān)系最密切,但是他也表示自己不確定是不是這么說(shuō)過(guò),他說(shuō)自己并不喜歡新加坡的政治制度,但是他認(rèn)為新加坡的外向型全球化貿(mào)易模式、龐大的金融體系、低稅收、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)化的民主體制等等,都與他對(duì)英國(guó)未來(lái)的愿景相契合。


這個(gè)小標(biāo)題是有暗示作用的。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)“新加坡”愿景實(shí)際上是被大家認(rèn)為最不“英國(guó)”的,被認(rèn)為與現(xiàn)實(shí)最不相符。



所以,在這個(gè)小標(biāo)題的下面,緊跟的就是這兩句:


The liberal Leavers are peddling an illusion. On contact with the reality of Brexit, their plans will fall apart.


peddle 兜售(可指宣傳)

On contact with 一接觸到


自由主義脫歐派是在給大家畫(huà)餅。一接觸到脫歐后的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題,他們的計(jì)劃便會(huì)土崩瓦解。


灰色的部分要講一個(gè)詞:


parochial 與parish(教會(huì)的教區(qū))相關(guān),比如parochial school,教區(qū)的學(xué)校。另外,它也指:只關(guān)心本地區(qū)的,地方觀念的,地域性思維狹隘的。


灰色的部分直接在里面翻譯了:

Singapore on steroids 


The liberal Leavers are peddling an illusion. On contact with the reality of Brexit, their plans will fall apart. If Britain leaves the EU, it is likely to end up poorer, less open and less innovative. Far from reclaiming its global outlook, it will become less influential and more parochial. And without Britain, all of Europe would be worse off.


大意:


打雞血的新加坡 


自由主義脫歐派是在給大家畫(huà)餅。一接觸到脫歐后的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題,他們的計(jì)劃便會(huì)土崩瓦解。 如果英國(guó)脫離歐盟,可能會(huì)同時(shí)損失財(cái)富、開(kāi)放性和創(chuàng)新能力。光復(fù)大英全球觀的大吉泡湯,反而會(huì)喪失原有的影響力,變得越來(lái)越封閉狹隘。同時(shí),失去英國(guó),歐洲在整體上也會(huì)走衰。

通篇悅讀

開(kāi)始享受成就感吧:


Divided we fall


The peevishness of the campaigning has obscured the importance of what is at stake. A vote to quit the European Union on June 23rd, which polls say is a growing possibility, would do grave and lasting harm to the politics and economy of Britain. The loss of one of the EU’s biggest members would gouge a deep wound in the rest of Europe. And, with the likes of Donald Trump and Marine Le Pen fuelling economic nationalism and xenophobia, it would mark a defeat for the liberal order that has underpinned the West’s prosperity


That, clearly, is not the argument of the voices calling to leave. As with Eurosceptics across the EU, their story is about liberation and history. Quitting the sclerotic, undemocratic EU, the Brexiteers say, would set Britain free to reclaim its sovereign destiny as an outward-looking power. Many of these people claim the mantle of liberalismthe creed that this newspaper has long championed.


Singapore on steroids 


The liberal Leavers are peddling an illusion. On contact with the reality of Brexit, their plans will fall apart. If Britain leaves the EU, it is likely to end up poorer, less open and less innovative. Far from reclaiming its global outlook, it will become less influential and more parochial. And without Britain, all of Europe would be worse off.


    本站是提供個(gè)人知識(shí)管理的網(wǎng)絡(luò)存儲(chǔ)空間,所有內(nèi)容均由用戶(hù)發(fā)布,不代表本站觀點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)注意甄別內(nèi)容中的聯(lián)系方式、誘導(dǎo)購(gòu)買(mǎi)等信息,謹(jǐn)防詐騙。如發(fā)現(xiàn)有害或侵權(quán)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊一鍵舉報(bào)。
    轉(zhuǎn)藏 分享 獻(xiàn)花(0

    0條評(píng)論

    發(fā)表

    請(qǐng)遵守用戶(hù) 評(píng)論公約

    類(lèi)似文章 更多